Educational Measurement Fourth Edition Edited by: Robert L Brennan Educational Measurement has been the bible in its field since the first edition was published by ACE in 1951. This most recent edition provides extensive updates and extensions of the topics treated in the previous three editions, as well as additional topics. As a result, the fourth edition documents progress in the field, and provides critical guidance to the new generations of researchers and practitioners. Edited by Robert Brennan and written by chapter authors who are acknowledged experts in their respective fields, this work provides in-depth treatments of critical measurements topics and is jointly sponsored by the ACE and the National Council on Measurement in Education. Educational measurement researchers and practitioners will find the text essential, and practitioners interested in statistics, psychology, business, and economics should also find it of very strong interest. Topics are divided into three subject areas: theory and general principles; construction, administration, and scoring; and applications. The first part of the book covers the topics of validation, reliability, item response theory, scaling and norming, linking and equating, test fairness, and cognitive psychology. Part two includes chapters on test development, test administration, performance assessment, setting performance standards, and technology in testing. The final section includes chapters on second language testing, testing for accountability in K-12 schools, standardized assessment of individual achievement in K-12, higher education admissions testing, monitoring educational progress, licensure and certification testing, and legal and ethical issues. NCME is an organization incorporated for scientific, educational, literary, and charitable purposes: i.e., advancing the science of measurement instruments and procedures; improving applications of measurement; and disseminating knowledge about measurement theory, techniques, and instrumentation. Robert L. Brennan is E. F. Lindquist Chair in Measurement and testing. He is also Director of the Center for Advanced Studies in Measurement and Assessment at the University of Iowa.