From Empathy to Denial: Arab Response to the Holocaust Meir Litvak and Esther Webman From Empathy to Denial is the first comprehensive investigation of The broad range of Arab responses to the Holocaust, based on years of painstaking historical research of mostly Arabic language sources. The authors explore how Holocaust representations developed after the Second World War, by analyzing themes and case studies spanning a period of sixty years. They show how these perceptions evolved under the shadow of the Arab-Israeli conflict after the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 and how they became entangled with broader anti-Zionist and anti-Semitic discourse.