Jewish Subjects and the tribal Chieftains in Kurdistan: A Study in Survival Mordechai Zaken Based on new oral sources, carefully analyzed, this book explores the relationships between Jewish subjects and their tribal chieftains in Kurdistan, focusing on the patronage and justice provided by the chieftains and the financial support provided by the Jews to endure troubles and caprices of chieftains. New reports and vivid tales unveil the status of Jews in the tribal setting; the slavery of rural Jews; the conversion to Islam and the defense mechanisms adopted by Jewish leaders to annul conversion of abducted women. Other topics are the trade and occupations of the Jews and their financial exploitation by chieftains. The last part explores the experience of Jewish communities in Iraqi Kurdistan between World War I and the mass-migration to Israel (1951-52). z Mordechai Zaken, Ph.D. (2004) in Near Eastern Studies, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, specializes in the history of the Kurds. The oriental Jewry and the non-Muslim minorities in the region. He served as the adviser on Arab Affairs to the Prime Minister of Israel (1997-99).